Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kuomera vanhu pakurapa nechiedza chitsvuku inyaya yemaziso. Vanhu vanoda kushandisa mwenje mitsvuku paganda rechiso, asi vanonetseka kuti mwenje mitsvuku yakajeka yakatarisa ipapo ingasava yakakodzera maziso avo. Pane chimwe chinhu chekunetseka nacho here? Mwenje mitsvuku inogona kukuvadza maziso here? Kana kuti inogona kubatsira zvikuru uye kubatsira kuporesa maziso edu?
Nhanganyaya
Maziso pamwe ndiwo nhengo dzemiviri yedu dzisinganyanyi kukuvadzwa uye dzinokosha. Kuona zvinhu nemaziso chinhu chakakosha muhupenyu hwedu, uye chinhu chakakosha pakushanda kwedu kwezuva nezuva. Maziso evanhu anonyanya kunzwa chiedza, achikwanisa kusiyanisa mavara anosvika mamiriyoni gumi. Anogonawo kuona chiedza chiri pakati pemarefu e400nm ne700nm.
Hatina michina yekuona chiedza chiri pedyo neinfrared (sezvinoshandiswa mukurapa nechiedza cheinfrared), sezvatisingaoni mamwe mawavelength emwaranzi yeEM akadai seUV, Microwaves, nezvimwewo. Zvave zvichiratidzwa munguva pfupi yapfuura kuti ziso rinogona kuona photon imwe chete. Kufanana nedzimwe nzvimbo pamuviri, maziso anoumbwa nemasero, masero akasarudzika, ese achiita mabasa akasiyana. Tine masero erodhi ekuona kusimba kwechiedza, masero ekoni ekuona ruvara, masero akasiyana-siyana eepithelial, masero anogadzira humor, masero anogadzira collagen, nezvimwewo. Mamwe emasero aya (nematishu) ari panjodzi yekubatwa nemamwe marudzi echiedza. Masero ese anowana mabhenefiti kubva kune mamwe marudzi echiedza. Tsvagiridzo munzvimbo iyi yakawedzera zvakanyanya mumakore gumi apfuura.
Ruvara/Wavelength yechiedza inobatsira maziso ndeipi?
Zvizhinji zvezvidzidzo zvinoratidza kubatsira zvinoshandisa maLED senzvimbo yechiedza ine huwandu hwakakura hwemarefu e670nm (tsvuku). Hurefu hwemafungu uye mhando yechiedza/nzvimbo yacho hazvisi izvo chete zvinhu zvakakosha, sezvo simba rechiedza nenguva yekuratidzwa zvinokanganisa mhedzisiro yacho.
Chiedza chitsvuku chinobatsira sei maziso?
Zvichienderana nekuti maziso edu ndiwo masero makuru anonzwa chiedza mumuviri wedu, munhu angafunga kuti kutorwa kwechiedza chitsvuku nemakone edu matsvuku kune chekuita nemigumisiro yakaonekwa muongororo iyi. Izvi hazvisirizvo chete.
Dzidziso huru inotsanangura mhedzisiro yekurapa nechiedza chered ne near infrared, chero kupi mumuviri, inosanganisira kudyidzana pakati pechiedza ne mitochondria. Basa guru re mitochondria nderekugadzira simba remasero ayo -kurapwa nechiedza kunovandudza kugona kwayo kugadzira simba.
Maziso evanhu, uye kunyanya masero eretina, ane zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvemuviri wese - anoda simba rakawanda. Nzira chete yekuzadzisa kudiwa uku ndeyekuti masero agare mitochondria dzakawanda - saka hazvishamisi kuti masero ari mumaziso ane huwandu hwakanyanya hwemitochondria chero kupi zvako mumuviri.
Tichifunga kuti kurapwa nechiedza kunoshanda kuburikidza nekudyidzana ne mitochondria, uye maziso ndiwo ane manyuko akawanda e mitochondria mumuviri, zvine musoro kufunga kuti chiedza chichavawo nemigumisiro yakadzama mumaziso kana tichienzanisa nemuviri wese. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo yazvino yakaratidza kuti kuora kweziso ne retina kwakabatana zvakananga nekusashanda zvakanaka kwe mitochondria. Saka kurapa kunogona kudzorera mitochondria, ine akawanda, muziso ndiyo nzira yakakwana.
Wavelength yakanakisa yechiedza
Chiedza che670nm, rudzi rwechiedza chitsvuku chakadzama chinoonekwa, ndicho chinonyanya kudzidzwa pakuongorora zvirwere zvemaziso. Mamwe marefu emvura ane mhedzisiro yakanaka anosanganisira 630nm, 780nm, 810nm & 830nm. Laser vs. LEDs - chinhu chinokosha. Mwenje mutsvuku unobva kuma lasers kana ma LEDs unogona kushandiswa chero kupi zvako pamuviri, kunyange zvazvo paine musiyano mumwe chete wema lasers chaiwo - maziso. Lasers HAASI akakodzera kurapwa kwemaziso nechiedza.
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti chiedza chelaser chinoshanda zvakafanana/chinopindirana, chinogona kutariswa nelenzi yeziso kusvika panzvimbo diki. Chiedza chelaser chese chinogona kupinda muziso uye simba rese iroro rinoiswa panzvimbo diki yakanyanya pa retina, zvichiita kuti rive nesimba rakawanda, uye rinogona kupisa/kukuvadza mushure memasekonzi mashoma chete. Chiedza che LED chinobuda nepakona saka hachina dambudziko iri.
Kuwanda kwesimba & dose
Mwenje mutsvuku unopfuura nemuziso nekutumira kwe95%. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kune chiedza chiri pedyo neinfrared uye zvakafanana kune zvimwe chiedza chinoonekwa senge bhuruu/girini/yero. Zvichienderana nekupenya kwakanyanya kwechiedza chitsvuku, maziso anongoda nzira yekurapa yakafanana neyeganda. Zvidzidzo zvinoshandisa simba re50mW/cm2, nedosi shoma ye10J/cm2 kana pasi. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvekushandisa chiedza, ona chinyorwa ichi.
Chiedza chinokuvadza maziso
Ruvara rwebhuruu, ruvara rwepepuru uye ruvara rweUV (200nm-480nm) rwakaipa kumaziso, zvichibatanidzwa nekukuvara kwe retina kana kukuvara mu cornea, humour, lens uye optical nerve. Izvi zvinosanganisira chiedza chebhuruu chakananga, asiwo chiedza chebhuruu sechikamu chemwenje michena yakaita semabharubhu e LED epamba/emumugwagwa kana macomputer/mafoni. Mwenje michena yakajeka, kunyanya iyo ine tembiricha yepamusoro (3000k+), ine chikamu chikuru chechiedza chebhuruu uye haina hutano kumaziso. Chiedza chezuva, kunyanya chiedza chezuva chemasikati chinobuda mumvura, chinewo chikamu chikuru chebhuruu, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwemaziso nekufamba kwenguva. Nerombo rakanaka, mhepo yepasi inobvisa (inoparadzira) chiedza chebhuruu kusvika pamwero wakati - maitiro anonzi 'rayleigh scattering' - asi chiedza chezuva chemasikati chichiri nezvakawanda, sezvinoita chiedza chezuva muchadenga chinoonekwa nevanofamba muchadenga. Mvura inotora chiedza chitsvuku kupfuura chiedza chebhuruu, saka kuratidzwa kwezuva pamakungwa/makungwa/nzvimbo kunongova sosi yebhuruu yakabatana. Haisi chiedza chezuva chinobuda chinogona kukuvadza, sezvo 'ziso re surfer' idambudziko rakajairika rine chekuita nekukuvara kwemaziso echiedza cheUV. Vafambi, vavhimi nevamwe vanhu vekunze vanogona kukura izvi. Vafambisi vezvikepe vekare vakaita sevakuru vemauto egungwa nemakororo egungwa vanowanzova nematambudziko ekuona mushure memakore mashoma, kunyanya nekuda kwekuratidzwa kwezuva regungwa, zvichiwedzerwa nematambudziko ekudya. Marefu einfrared wavelengths (uye kupisa kwakawanda) anogona kukuvadza maziso, sezvinoita mamwe masero emuviri, kukuvara kwebasa kunoitika kana masero anyanya kudziya (46°C+ / 115°F+). Vashandi vanoshanda mumabasa ekare echoto akadai sekutarisira injini uye kufuridza magirazi vaigara vachisangana nematambudziko emaziso (sezvo kupisa kunobva mumoto/mavira emoto kuri kure kwazvo). Mwenje weLaser unogona kukuvadza maziso, sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa. Chimwe chinhu chakaita selaser yebhuruu kana UV ndicho chinonyanya kuparadza, asi malaser egirini, eyero, tsvuku uye ari pedyo neinfrared anogona kukonzera kukuvara.
Matambudziko emaziso akabatsira
Kuona kwakajairika - kuona zvakanaka, Cataracts, Diabetic Retinopathy, Macular Degeneration - inozivikanwawo seAMD kana age-related macular degeration, Refractive Errors, Glaucoma, Dry Eye, floaters.
Mashandisirwo anoshanda
Kushandisa chiedza chemaziso usati waona chiedza chezuva (kana kuti waona chiedza chena chakajeka). Kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva/vhiki rega rega kudzivirira kuora kwemaziso.